His insolence is more intolerable

Than all the princes in the land beside:

-Duke of Somerset

King Henry VI Part II       Act I, scene i       Line 176

A lot of King Henrys in the past week, eh? Other than Macbeth’s phony toast to Banquo a few days ago it’s been all Henrys. So I’ve gotta talk about the Henry’s for a minute. Please try to bear with me; this might get a little tedious (right now you’re saying “going to get?”)

So Will covered eight British monarchs in his history plays, and five of them were successive (historically successive, not successive in order of the plays being written); Edward III, Richard II, and Henrys IV, V, and VI. And we can take Edward III off this list since it’s not in The First Folio and not in my compilation, so we won’t be covering it. Edward III is on some lists but not universally accepted as being written by Will. Pretty confusing, isn’t it? And the other three (not part of the successive ones) he did, King John, Richard III, and Henry VIII, were all one-offs. But of this successive group Will started with Henry VI, the last one, and he needed three separate plays to get through this one Henry. Also, these three Henry VI plays are arguably the first plays that Will wrote. I say arguably because we don’t really know for sure and it depends on whose list you look at. In any event, they were most assuredly written quite early in his career. But the main point here (if you’re still with me) is that Richard II through Henry VI Part III, a total of seven plays, is one long successive story. Now I’ve read Richard II through Henry V (though not recently), and I’ve even seen some of Richard II performed, but I’ve not read nor seen any of Henry VI. Anyway, since it’s all one long story, and basically historically accurate, it’s easier to follow if you’ve read/seen all seven of these plays, or alternatively you know some of the details of that seventy year period, roughly 1400 to 1470, give or take. Unfortunately I can’t lay claim to either of those and so I keep going back to play summaries and/or historical references. But since these seven plays take up almost 16% of the pages that I’m randomly sampling, you’d think that it might be in my best interest to cover them. Well, maybes I will. Eventually, not today.

So, if you’re still awake, today’s Totally Random Daily Shakespeare (I’ve been thinking of using the acronym TRDS, but that can come out sounding like turds, so maybe not) is His insolence is more intolerable than all the princes in the land beside. It doesn’t say much for all the princes in the land, does it? On the other hand, we don’t really need to go into much context if we don’t want to. And considering I just bored you to tears with the previous paragraph, I think I’ll stay away from context today. And besides, this context gets into the whole politics and who’s who of the play/period, which I’ve just confessed I don’t know enough about. But on a completely non-contextual note, this can still be a good line and perfect for a young male. I can see using it in reference to a particular thirteen year old I know who can certainly, at times, be insolent. And by using it then I guess I would be calling him a prince and not in a complimentary fashion. So it’s a good line today. Good, and usable. Totally Random Daily Shakespeare strikes again.

                                                                                                                        

More can I bear than you dare execute.

-Duke of Suffolk

King Henry VI Part II       Act IV, scene i    Line 130

Great line! Okay, I’m not going to do any contextualizing or real analysis of this one. I’m just going to sit back and enjoy it.

More can I bear than you can execute. My goodness. Them’s fightin’ words! I don’t know who the Duke of Suffolk is or who he’s talking to, but he’s clearly not afraid of whoever it is. More can I bear! You can’t do nothin’ to me buddy! I guess it could also be used for one of those guys who think they’re the tough guy and don’t realize that the guy they’re talking to is gonna kick their butt. Yeah, it could be that. But I’d rather think of it being said by the guy who really is the tough guy. Or just the guy who’s not afraid and can’t be intimidated; the old fashioned hero like Rambo, or the Rock, or somebody like that.

So it’s a really good line today. One that I guess you can use. It’s got just enough juxtaposition of wording to make it a little confusing if the person you say it to isn’t used to this type of language (or just plain not that bright). And that might be a good thing if the person you say it to is about ready to kick your butt and they’re a lot bigger than you. It might freeze them in confusion just long enough for you to get away (in which case this probably isn’t the line for you anyway). On the other hand if you really are not afraid of what the other person can do then it’s a fabulous line. In fact, it’s made me want to see what the Duke of Suffolk is talking about and to whom he’s saying it. So I’ll be looking at that today, but just for fun. Meantime I’ll just be enjoying the line for what it is; a bit of Hollywood bravado.

Okay, little bit of a postscript here. I did a little reading of the part that leads up to this line and it appears that the Duke of Suffolk is saying this right before he gets led away to be executed. So I guess that changes the meaning of the line in this context a little, but then again, not all that much. I think this Duke is still pretty bad ass.

               

Would he were here! To all, and him, we thirst,

-Macbeth

Macbeth              Act III, scene iv  Line 89

And we’re back to Macbeth. Third time’s the charm.

This is our protagonist Macbeth talking. The ‘he’ in the line is Banquo. Banquo is his friend who Macbeth has had murdered a scene or two earlier. Now Macbeth is at a dinner and he’s making a toast to Banquo. From my point of view he’s doing one of two things; he’s being completely duplicitous and trying to remind everyone that he’s Banquo’s friend and thereby divert suspicion from himself (the rest of the people at this banquet don’t yet know that Banquo’s been murdered), OR he’s regretting having Banquo killed and he really does wish that Banquo were here, alive and well. And I believe it’s the latter. Seconds before this toast Macbeth saw Banquo’s ghost. He’s tormented by what he’s done. He’s the reluctant bad guy throughout this whole play. For a lot of the stuff it’s his wife egging him on. Behind every great man…

So I think it’s a genuine wish on Macbeth’s part. What do you think? I guess you’d have to read a bit of the play to decide on this one. It’s a good play and worth a read. And readable (as opposed to just seeable). It’s relatively small print in my book, but only 26 pages. I’ve posted links to sites that have the full plays online. If you’re going to start with any of Will’s plays to read, this would be a good one. Well, it’s just a thought.

Let’s see, what else can we say about this one this morning? ‘Would he were here!’ I guess we all have people we could say that about ‘Would he/she were here!’ Maybe they’re gone from this life, or maybe they’re just not right here right now. Luckily most of us wouldn’t say that about someone that we’ve had murdered. So in our case it’s an okay thing to say ‘Would he/she were here!’ It’s very okay. It just means there’s someone out there, or someone who was out there, who is or was a good thing in our life. So we’re thinking about that goodness and we can be glad for that. There, I feel better now. That Macbeth play can really bring me down! Maybe you shouldn’t read it.

                                        

Well then, Colevile is your name, a knight is

your degree, and your place the dale:

-Falstaff

King Henry the Fourth Part II      Act IV, scene iii  Line 6

So we have managed to randomly progress (or is it digress? Or congress?) over the past three days from Henry VI to Henry V to Henry IV. The only way to improve on this is to come up with Richard II tomorrow (No, Will did not write a play on Henry III, and it was Richard II who was the immediate predecessor to Henry IV). We’ll see.

Anyway. Checking my cheat sheet I see that we visited Henry IV Part I, but not Part II (two separate plays, one Henry), and that on that visit we also heard from Sir John Falstaff. Very interesting (at least I think it is, you can disagree).

So as I mentioned in that post, this Falstaff fellow is a pretty famous character of Will’s. And he’s mostly comic relief. As well (and I’m not actually sure about this, I’ll have to do some research) I believe that Falstaff is a purely fictional character in a pretty much historically accurate play. Falstaff is the drinking buddy of Hal, the son of Henry IV. And Hal becomes Henry V in, well, Henry V. And in Henry V we see the king who leads the English to victory in France. Henry V is pretty famous in English history. The battle of Agincourt where Henry V leads them to victory is sort of like Washington crossing the Delaware for the Brits. However in Henry IV (which is where we’re at today) Henry V is still Prince Hal, and Falstaff is Falstaff. Much of Falstaff’s time in this play is spent in the Boar’s Head Tavern, but in this scene he’s actually out in the forest, near a battle that’s going on (I think he’s hiding from the battle) and he’s just met up with Coleville who is one of the rebels they’ve been facing.

But what about the line, Pete? What about that line? Okay, I’m getting to that. This is the very beginning of the scene. Falstaff meets Colevile in the forest and asks his name, rank, and where he’s from. Colevile answers ‘I am a knight, sir; and my name is Colevile of the dale.’ To which Falstaff replies with today’s Totally Random line. So it’s not a terribly enlightening line. He simply repeated what Colevile just said. Which if he’d done that today there’s a good chance you’d reply ‘Is there an echo in here?’

Okay, so Falstaff is comic relief. That being said, is this line funny? All he did was pretty much repeat what the guy had just said to him. Why is that funny? Well here’s the thing; on paper it’s not. With the right actor delivering the lines properly it might be hilarious. That’s just the way it is. Delivery is everything. Look at Kramer in Seinfeld. He didn’t really have very many funny lines. His humor is his physical movements and delivery. It’s true of almost any comic performer. Some rely more on the words, others less. I’ve never seen any of the Henry plays performed. I’ve listened to some, but not this one. So I don’t know if this line is funny. And I don’t know exactly what Falstaff would do to make his lines funny. I know it could be. I know that because almost any line can be made funny. If you get a chance, check out Billy Crystal and Robin Williams in Kenneth Branagh’s Hamlet. Classic examples.

The taste whereof, God of his mercy give

You patience to endure, and true repentance

Of all your dear offences!

-King Henry

 

King Henry the Fifth       Act II, scene ii    Line 179

All right then, from Henry VI to Henry V. And it’s not such an outlandish thing to work backwards since Will wrote that way. That is to say, he wrote Henry VI first, and then went back and worked his way through Richard II, Henry IV, and Henry V which is in proper order. Anyway, some minor context here; the line previous to this is ‘Get you, therefore, hence,/ Poor miserable wretches, to your death:’ So that the ‘Taste’ being referred to in today’s Totally Random line is the taste of death. Ouch.

Not much needed to explain here. He’s sentenced these three guys (Lord Scroop, Earl of Cambridge, and Sir Thomas Grey) to death for being traitors to England. They don’t deny it. Today’s Totally Random line are Henry’s last words to these guys before they’re led away.

So this line is not that much unlike the line you hear in modern shows where the judge decrees the death sentence in a court and follows it up with ‘And may God have mercy on your soul,’ or some such thing. Now I’ve never been in a real court where a judge passed a death sentence (and I’m guessing most of you haven’t either) and hopefully I never will (and I’m guessing most of you are hoping so too), so I don’t know if the judge would really say this. But even if it’s only theater nowadays, doesn’t it bear a really strong resemblance to what they were saying (at least in the theater) four hundred years ago. Of course, there’s a good chance that these three guys were going to be put to death in a most hideous way, which is something they liked doing back then. So when the king talked about the ‘patience to endure’ he wasn’t kidding. And therein is the big difference between then and now. These days we go to the movies to see our blood and gore, and it’s all fake. Elizabethans weren’t seeing that at the theater, they were going to the public executions to see the real thing. So that’s something to think about. We’ve become more civilized in that we don’t torture people to death in public. And yet, we still seem to have the need to see this same thing, albeit simulated, at the movies. Curious, isn’t it?

And that’s about all I have to say about that.

These are the city gates of Rouen,

Through which our policy must make a breach:

-Joan La Pucelle

King Henry the Sixth Part I          Act III, scene ii   Line 1

I believe the word ‘policy’ translates more or less to ‘strategy’ in this line. And ‘Pucelle’ is ‘Maid’, which is the shortened version of Maid of Orleans, which is another title for Joan of Arc. And if we read the setup for this scene (which we might as well since we’re at the very beginning of it) we will see that we are outside the town of Rouen, France with Joan and four disguised soldiers ‘with sacks upon their backs’. There, that should be all you need to know to understand where we’re at here.

Got it? Yes, that’s right, Joan of Arc and four guys disguised as the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are planning on sneaking into the town of Rouen. No wait, that can’t be right. But we’re close.

Okay, let’s take a step back. The line is pretty self-explanatory. This gate is the key to their strategy to getting into the city. Now of course if she was there in reality she wouldn’t have to explain to the four guys that these were the gates to the city of Rouen because you’d think that by the time they got to the gates with the sacks on their backs those four guys would probably know where they were. However, the audience watching the play probably has no idea where they are or what they’re doing, so the actor playing Joan uses this line to set the scene for everyone. So it’s a scene setter. Is this the first time we’ve gotten the very first line of a scene? I don’t think so. I guess some scenes need a scene setting line more than others. This play seems to bop around to different places (albeit like most of them do) with battles and such, so I suppose Will felt we should know where we were to start this scene. Okay.

Now the other kind of interesting thing is this Joan La Pucelle character. Yes, this is Joan of Arc (apparently known as Joan La Pucelle in sixteenth century England) and I had no idea she showed up in Will’s history plays. Did you? Or maybe you’re saying ‘who’s Joan of Arc?’ I hope you’re not saying that. Even if you don’t know much about her (I don’t), you must surely have heard of her or seen pics of this young woman in a suit of armor. No? No worries, I’ll find one to add to this post. Anyway, yeah, she’s prominent in this particular play. Not sure if she meets her demise in this one or not (burned at the stake. Ring a bell?)

So since a picture is worth a thousand words (I wonder if Will would have agreed with that statement?), here’s a pic of me and my friend re-enacting this scene. You can see that he’s saying the line ‘These are the city gates of Rouen, through which our policy must make a breach.’ You’ll have to take my word for it that he did a good job with his line. And I’m standing there with a sack on my back. It kinda looks like I’m saying ‘These gates? Really?’ even though my line was supposed to be ‘Our sacks shall be a mean to sack the city.’ We didn’t have anyone else to play the other three soldiers, but you can use your imagination and picture them standing to the left, behind me just out of view.

Does that help? I'll try to find a picture of St. Joan of Arc? Yes, they made her a saint. I don’t know that whole story. I know my wife read a book on her, but I didn’t, so I really can’t give you much more info on her. Of course, you can use the Google.

Therefore lay bare your bosom.

                                                      Ay, his breast:

-Portia/Shylock

The Merchant of Venice                                Act IV, scene i    Line 250

Well I’m not sure where to start. Perhaps a brief explanation of the line.

The first part of the line, ‘Therefore lay bare your bosom,’ is spoken by Portia who is masquerading as a male doctor, and the second part, ‘Ay, his breast,’ by Shylock (who, by the way, is NOT the merchant of Venice; he’s the money lender of Venice). You will notice that combined it’s a perfect verse of iambic pentameter. At this point in the proceedings it looks like Portia is about to agree that Shylock’s claim is valid and that Antonio (THE Merchant of Venice) is going to have to surrender a pound of his flesh to Shylock. Of course we know how this thing ends up, so no need to worry about Antonio.

Now I’m inclined to get philosophical about this play on the whole (and there’s a lot to philosophize on here), but I’m going to try to stick to this specific line instead even though it’s a somewhat innocuous line (at least in comparison to some of the other ones in this scene). Or is it?

Portia (disguised as Doctor Balthazar, and I’m not even going to start in on Shakespeare and his love of having women masquerade as men – which by the way ends up as men (all the actors in the plays back then were men) masquerading as women masquerading as men) says ‘Therefore lay bare your bosom’ to Antonio. Now keep in mind that Antonio is the guy who started this whole thing rolling by signing this deal in the beginning of the play to borrow money from Shylock. Why did he borrow the money? He borrowed it because he was cash poor; all his money was invested in ships he had out at sea seeking treasure. But what did he need the money for? To give to his friend Bassanio. And what did Bassanio need it for? He wanted to impress a rich young woman so that he could get her to marry him and then he would come into her money at which point he’d be able to pay Antoino back, and then Antonio wouldn’t forfeit on the loan and have to pay the pound of flesh. And who was this rich young woman that he was able to impress and marry? Portia/Bathalzar. The whole plan worked, except not quite quick enough and Antonio defaulted on the loan before Bassanio completed his end of the task.

Now in all the stuff I’ve read about this play (and I’ve read a bit) this little circle of events is never really addressed. There is boatloads of analysis on all sorts of aspects of the play, but I’ve never run into Portia being much troubled by Bassanio’s duplicity in courting her, or Antonio’s part in that duplicity. And yet at this point she knows all these facts. So I say, based on this little circuitous train of thought, and keeping in mind that at this point Portia knows all of it, isn’t it just possible that when she says ‘bare your bosom’ to Antonio she’s asking Antoino to ‘fess up and spill the beans on helping Bassanio to deceive her? Well isn’t it? So this line just might be a really, really key line that no one ever keys in on.

There, I’ve done it. I’ve left the very famous ‘quality of mercy’ and the ‘(but not) one drop of Christian blood’ lines completely alone, and I’ve focused purely on today’s Totally Random Daily Shakespeare line which, as usual, appears to be anything but random. Well I feel pretty good about that.